Transverse ultrasound images of the right sternocleidomastoic (SCM) muscle and left (symptomatic side) shows diffuse enlargement of the left SCM with mixed echogenicity in a 2-month-old infant.
Facts: Fibromatosis Colli of Infancy
- Abnormal mass-like enlargement of sternocleidomastoic (SCM) muscle
- Born normal but develops SCM mass and/or torticollis within the first 4-8 weeks of life
- Associated with difficult delivery and intrauterine torticollis due to malposition
- Histology: collagen fibers and fibroblasts around atrophied muscle fibers
- Early diagnosis and treatment important because it can result in contracture
- Responds well to physiotherapy
Ultrasound Appearance
- US performed to exclude other diagnosis such as cervical lymphadenopathy, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphoma, cystic hygroma or branchial cleft cyst
- Mass or fusiform enlargement of the SCM muscle
- Confined to muscle, no adjacent abnormalities of other soft tissues
- Variable echogenicity -- hyperechoic, hypoechoic, or mixed echogenicity
Reference:
Bedi DG, John SD, Swischuk LE. Fibromatosis colli of infancy: variability of sonographic appearance. J Clin Ultrasound 1998;26:345-348.
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